Improvement in machines for turning carriage-axles



H. E. FGRREST.

Machines for Turning Garriage-Axles.

Nu.137,769, Par8ntedApri|15,1873.

AM. PuaTa-umoaRAPH/c ca Mmmm/s maafss) UNITED STATES PATENT QFEICE.,

HAMLET E. FORREST, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO HIM- SELF,HORATIO BOOTH'BY, OF SAME PLACE, AND JOHN H. LEAVITT,

OF PORTLAND, MAINE.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FOR TURNING CARRIAGE-AXLES.

- Specilication forming part of Letters Patenti No. 137,769, dated April15, 1873; application tiled February 25, 1873.

1o all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1,-HAMLET E. FoREEsT, of Boston, in the county ofSuffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Mechanism for Finishing Axle-Blanks, of which thefollowing is a specification My present invention may be said to be animprovement upon that invented. by me and patented on January 14,1873,and like that is designed for forming or finishing the journal ends ofaxle-blanks for cars, carriages, &c. The object of my present inventionor iinprovement is to prevent the great strain upon the cutters andtheir supporting mechanism that is incident to a single cutter whenemployed alone in reducing rough heavy forgings for car-axles, Src.; andmy invention consists in the combination and arrangement of two or morecutters of corresponding shape, such cutters having their cutting-edgesso formed as to reduce the journal end of the axle to the desired shape,each cutter under my improved arrangement being so disposed as to movein the same vertical, but not in the same horizontal, plane, the frontone being arranged slightly above that of the other or others, so thatthe amount or thickness of the metal to be removed is divided so as tobe taken ott' by the different cutters, and

'thereby the great strain required to eect the result by a single cutterentirely obviated.

In -the drawing, Figure l denotes a top view of my improvement asapplied to a lathe; Fig. 2, a side elevation thereof; Fig. 3, an endview of the cutter-carrier and its cutters. Fig. 4 is an edge view ofone of the cutters, and Figs. 5 and 6 end views thereof.

` In Figs. 1 and 2, A denotes the axle-blank, and B the cutter-carriage.

In carrying out my present invention, I employ two or more cutters, C C1C2, which are to be rmly secured to their carriage, such carriage beingalso firmly adjusted upon the bed of the lathe, and so as to slidetransversely thereof. Each of the cutters is to have a similar shape,and follow each other in succession, the cutting-edges having such formas to give the desired shape to the journal end of the axle.

I do not limit my invention to the construe tion of carriage-axles, asshown, as it is equally-adapted to the formation of any journalv by asimple change in the form of the knives or cutters, to conform to theshape reA quired to be given. Each cutter is disposed diagonally uponthe carrier so as to cut with a drawing stroke, and in case of anordinary carriage axle, where the journal is to be formed tapering, eachcutter is to have a longitudinal inclination, p, in accordance with thedegree of taper required.

The length of each cutter should corre spond with that of the portion ofthe blank to be reduced. As shown in the drawing, the edge of eachcutter is formed with two depressions, a b, the former being to producea collar upon the inner end of the journal, and the latter a re-enforcecontiguous thereto. It also has a projecting part, c, made on one endthereof, the same being to form the nut-receiving part. The cuttersshown in the drawing produce or turn a journal of the ordinaryconstruction, as used in most light carriages 5 but it is evident thatin forming a journal without a reenforce, and of a regular taper, thedepression b might be dispensed with. So, also, if the journal is to beof a uniform diameter, the edges of the cutters require no longitudinalinclination or dip, p, and the cutters should be so formed as to givethe desired reduction to the axle-blank.

Either two or three of the cutters may be used. In case two only areemployed, the foremost cutter is to have its edge disposed in a planeslightly above that of the second one, and is toptake ott' the outerrough coat of the blank, and reduce the same to the desired shape andapproximate size, while the second cutter takes a thinner shaving, andreduces the axle-journal, 85e., to the true and standard size, thelatter cutter being so arranged or gaged as to smooth the reduced parts.In case three cutters are employed, and which I consider preferable, thetwo rearmost ones I arrange on the same horizontal plane as the rearcutter when two only are employed, the front and second cuttersoperating as before described, the third acting simply as a smootherincase of springing of the journal or defect in the middle cutter; therear cutter, having but a little labor to perform, is thus kept sharp,and thereby insures a perfect smoothness and nish in the journalsproduced.

In operating with my invention, `the axleblank having been duly fixedand centeredin the lathe, and the cutters arranged as described, thecutters are to be fed up to the blank, either 'automatically' orotherwise; a' small portion of the front cutter, rst impinging againstthe blank, acts upon, reduces it, and passes along under the blank, andallows fresh portions of the cutting-edge of each cutter to actconsecutively upon the blank, until the entire series shall have actedupon and reduced the blank to the desired form and size, the cuttershaving performed their function passing under the finished journal.

Having described my invention, what I claim is- As a mechanism forfinishing axle-blanks, the combination of two or more cutters, C C1 G2,formed and arranged as described, and to operate in manner and for thepurpose set forth. Y W i Y Y HAMLET E. FORREST. Witnesses:

F. P. HALE, F. C. HALE.

